Dog Ear Hematoma: Everything You Need to Know

When a dog suddenly starts shaking their head more than usual or scratching one ear obsessively, it’s easy to assume it’s just a mild irritation. But if their ear begins to swell, especially if it feels soft or fluid-filled, they may be dealing with a dog ear hematoma—a condition that can look dramatic and feel uncomfortable. Although ear hematomas aren’t life-threatening, they often require veterinary attention. Knowing what causes them and how they’re treated can help pet owners make informed decisions quickly. If you notice swelling in your dog’s ear, contact Fetch Specialty & Emergency Veterinary Centers. Our emergency care team is here to evaluate the situation and help your dog feel more comfortable—fast.

What Is a Dog Ear Hematoma?

A dog ear hematoma occurs when blood vessels inside the ear flap (pinna) burst, causing blood to pool between the skin and cartilage. This leads to visible swelling, which may range from mild puffiness to significant balloon-like bulging. It’s often painful for dogs and may affect one or both ears, though it’s typically localized to one side.

Why It Happens

Most dog ear hematomas stem from repeated trauma to the ear. Vigorous head shaking, scratching, or even blunt force trauma can rupture the small blood vessels under the skin. These actions are often responses to underlying issues like:

• Ear infections
• Allergies
• Parasites (especially ear mites)
• Foreign bodies inside the ear
• Immune-mediated skin conditions

Once the vessel ruptures, the blood accumulates between tissue layers, creating the hematoma. The swelling can worsen quickly, especially if the underlying issue continues.

Signs Your Dog May Have an Ear Hematoma

Dogs often show visible and behavioral signs when an ear hematoma develops. If you’re trying to determine whether that ear swelling is cause for concern, look for the following:

• Soft, squishy swelling on the inner or outer part of the ear flap
• Reluctance to let you touch the ear
• Excessive head shaking or ear scratching
• Tilting the head to one side
• Whimpering or showing signs of discomfort
• Crusting, odor, or discharge (often related to an underlying infection)

Swelling from a dog ear hematoma is usually easy to spot. However, it’s always best to have your veterinarian examine it to confirm the cause and recommend appropriate care.

Diagnosing a Dog Ear Hematoma at the Vet

When you bring your dog to Fetch Specialty & Emergency Veterinary Centers, our team will perform a thorough ear exam. The goal is not only to confirm the hematoma but also to determine what triggered it.

What the Exam Includes

• Physical assessment: A close look at the size, texture, and sensitivity of the swelling
• Otoscope examination: A detailed inspection of the ear canal for signs of infection, parasites, or foreign material
• Cytology or culture: To identify bacteria, yeast, or mites under a microscope
• Bloodwork (if needed): In some cases, blood tests help rule out clotting disorders or underlying systemic illness

Treatment Approach for a Dog Ear Hematoma

The treatment of a dog ear hematoma depends on its size, cause, and the overall condition of the ear. While some hematomas may resolve on their own over time, most require veterinary intervention to prevent pain, scarring, or recurrence.

Common Treatment Approaches

• Surgical drainage: This is one of the most effective treatments for large or persistent hematomas. A small incision is made to drain the blood, and sutures are placed to keep the ear flap flat during healing.
• Aspiration: In some cases, your veterinarian may use a needle and syringe to withdraw the fluid. This method is less invasive but has a higher risk of recurrence unless the underlying issue is addressed.
• Drain placement: A small drain may be inserted to allow continued fluid release over several days.
• Treating the cause: Whether it’s an ear infection, allergies, or mites, the underlying cause must be managed to avoid further trauma.
  

All treatments are performed with your pet’s comfort in mind, using sedation or anesthesia as needed.

Can Dog Ear Hematomas Be Prevented?

Preventing a dog ear hematoma starts with protecting your dog’s ears from trauma and treating any root causes that may lead to excessive scratching or shaking.

• Treat ear infections promptly—Delaying care allows irritation and head shaking to worsen.
• Monitor for allergies—Skin allergies often cause chronic itching that affects the ears.
• Check ears regularly—Routine home checks can help you spot early signs of redness, odor, or discharge.
• Clean ears carefully—Use only vet-recommended ear cleaners and avoid over-cleaning.

While not all hematomas are preventable, proactive care reduces the risk.

Why Prompt Veterinary Care Matters

A dog ear hematoma might seem like a minor issue at first glance, but delaying care can lead to unnecessary pain, prolonged swelling, or permanent damage to the ear structure. Some dogs are left with a thickened, wrinkled ear flap—sometimes called “cauliflower ear”—if the hematoma is not treated appropriately.

Acting quickly gives your pet the best chance at a full recovery and reduces the likelihood of long-term complications. The team at Fetch Specialty & Emergency Veterinary Centers has the expertise and tools to handle dog ear hematomas with precision and compassion. If your dog shows signs of ear discomfort or swelling, call us right away. We’re here to help, day or night.